Reinforced concrete construction.



J. O. EL LINGER.

REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, 1909.

Patented July 6, 1915.

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awuawtoz mag/4'2 flmm mwm,

COLUMBIA PLANOIJRAPH 60., WASHINGTON. D. c.

JULIAN 0. ELLINGER. OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 1915.

Application filed June 23, 1909. Serial No. 503,774.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULIAN O. ELLINGER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reinforced Concrete Construction, of which the following is a specification. v

This invention relates to improvements in reinforcements for concrete beams, girders, etc. I

It relates particularly to such reinforcements wherein the tension members and the shear members are connected and form what might be termed a mesh, the longitudinal rods or bars of the mesh forming the tension members and the transverse elements of the mesh forming the chords or shear members.

One of the objects of the invention is to simplify the construction, decrease the cost of the same and increase the efficiency thereof.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for connecting two or more of the sections whereby great latitude in construction is permitted.

Other objects will appear from the hereinafter description.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming part of this application, and in which the same reference character indicates the same part in the several views.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of one type of the unit. Fig. 2 is a cross section on line 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross section of a modification. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of several of the elements or units connected and positioned in a mold. Fig. 5 is a plan view of certain parts shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a view showing two of the units hinged together in the manner shown in Fig. 4, but with the lower longitudinal rods separated. Fig. 7 shows a modified construction in whichthe upper longitudinal rods are separated, but joined by a hinged connection. Fig. 8 is a cross section showing the vertical rods of the mesh or the shear members made of a twisted rod. Fig. 9 shows a construction in which the lower tension member is formed of two longitudinal rods and the upper tension member also of two longitudinal rods with the shear member between each pair of the rods forming the tension member. Fig. 10 shows a construction 1n which the upper and lower tension members are secured to opposite sides of the chords or shear members and ator near the ends of the same. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of one end of the construction showing the vertical rods of the mesh forming the chords or shear members located alternately on opposite sides of the longitudinal rods of the mesh forming the tension members. Fig. 12 isa sideelevation of one of the units showing the rods of the shear members inclined.

The part marked 1 on the drawing represents the lower longitudinal bar and 2 represents the upper longitudinal bars. The said upper bars areseparated at their ends and each is connected to the lower bar by transverse bars 3, forming shear members.

4 is a longitudinal bar placed between the bars 2 and near and parallel to the bar 1 and connected to the same by rods 5 to form a truss between the ends of the member. The ends of the bar 4 may extend to or beyond one or more of the transverse rods 3, as shown in the drawing. In some forms of the construction the rods5 may be dispensed with. Instead of locating the bars 2 in the same plane, one may be located closer to the bar 1 than the other, as shown by dotted lines to the right in Fig. 1. In this con struction thetransverse rods 3 may extend to the height of the bars 2 or beyond them as preferred, and as shown in the sectional view in Fig. 2 these transverse rods may be on the same side of the bar 1 and bars 2.

Instead of forming the transverse rods out of single rods extending from the bar 1 to the bars 2, they may be formed in loops 3* encircling the bar 1 and the bars 2, as shown in Fig. 3. I may join two or more of these sections, as shown in Fig. 4, by hinged connections 6, the ends of these hinged connections having overturned portions or hooks 6 which fit over the upper bars 2, and a spacing or centering element 7 is provided which fits over the lower bar 1, and the end of which contacts with the inner face of the sides A of the moldto properly center the frame. Instead of making the connections 6 hinged, they may berigid or in one piece with meansfor connecting the ends thereof to eachof the frames. This permits great latitude in construction, as for example, where two sections are required to take a certain bending moment; then, if this moment is increased, the number of sections can be correspondingly increased. In

some constructions it may be advisable to spread the lower bars and this hinged connection will permit this to be done, as shown in Fig. 6. In certain other constructions it may be advisable to spread the upper portion of thefframe'or unit, leaving the lower bars close together. I provide for this by making the elements of the hinged or jointed connection longer, as shown at 6 in In some cases I have found it advisable to have the chords or shear members made of a twisted piece of metal 3 instead of plain metal, as shown in Fig. 8. a I have also found it advisable in some cases to use two bar 1 at thebdttom of the transverse rods or shear members 3, and also touse two upper bars 2, placing the rods 3* forming the'shear menibers between, as shown in Fig. 9. In some cases it is also advantageous to secure the lower end of 'the rods or tension membe'rs'3 on one side "of the bar 1 and secure the upper ends of these tension members A to the opposite, sides of the bars 2, as shown in Fig. 10. I have also found it advantageous in some constructions to have each alternate 'bar or tension member 3 on the same side of the bar 1, the bars 2 and the other rods forming'the shear members on the opposite side of said (bars 1 and 2. This 'isji'llustrated in Fig. 11. Instead of having the shear member's vertical, they maybe placed at an angle, as shown'in Fig. 12, and instead of all the rods "forming'the shear members beingon the s'ameside of the bars 1 and 2, they may be on alternate sides,

asjfshown in Fig. 11.

The lower bar or bars are connected by transverse rods forming the chords or shear members, to the upper bar or bars which at times become tension members to take up negative tension stresses, or they may be utilized as means for'connec'ting tlre'chords or shear members in a horizontal"plane. The "niimber, position and "length of the connecting chords or shearmembe'rs may be varied, depending upon the theoretical requirements called for by variation of span and load. I

In my constructions means are also provided for bringing the upper bar or bars as high into the concrete slab B, as may be desired. Where "the :parts meet they are rigidly connected, preferably by electric welding.

Having now described my invention, what I'claim as new and'desire to secure by Letters Patentjisz a 1. A reinrdrcemenr for 'concre'te construction, comprising a "first longitudinal mem- 'ber, "a second longitudinal member arranged ov'e'r'oneend of said first longitudinal member, a set of transverse members connecting "said end-of the first longitudinal member with the second longitudinal member, a

third longitudinal member arranged over the other end of the first longitudinal memher, a second set of transverse members connecting ithe -last-mentioned end of the first longitudinal member with the third longitudinal member, the inner ends of the sec- 0nd and third longitudinal members being spaced from each other and the innermost members of the sets of transverse members being similarly spaced apart, and a truss located 'in said space, said truss comprising a longitudinal member which spans the space between the innermost transverse members of said sets and connected to said innermost jtran's'verse members, the said truss also comprising transverse members which are connected to its said longitudinal member and to the portion of the first longitudinal member which lies between the sets of first-mentioned transverse members.

A reinforcement for concrete construction, 'comp'risinga first longitudinal member, a second longitudinal member arranged over one'end of said first longitudinal member, a set'of transverse members connecting said end of the first longitudinal member with the second longitudinal member, a third longitudinal member arranged over the'other endof .the first longitudinal memher, and a second set of transverse members connecting the last-mentioned end of the first longitudinal member with the third longitudinal jm'en'iber, the inner ends 01" the second and third longitudinal members being spaced from each other and the inner most members of the sets of transverse members being similarly spaced apart, a fourth longitudinal member which spans said space and has its ends secured to adjacent transverse members of said sets, and diagonal transverse members connecting the fourth longitudinal member with the middle portion of the first longitudinal member, said other, the innermost transverse members of the two sets being spaced from each other, an additional longitudinal member bridging said space and having its ends secured to adjacent -membersof the sets of transversamembers, said additional longitudinal memberybeing so arranged that the distance between it and the lower longitudinal bridging element of the construction will be of different height Irom that of the-space between the }lower and the other longitudinal elements of the construction, and transverse members connecting said lower longitudinal member and the intermediate longitudinal bridging element, with each other.

4. A reinforcement for concrete construction, consisting of a lower longitudinal bar extending throughout the construction, upper bars respectively arranged over each end portion of the lower bar and substantially parallel thereto, the innermost ends of the upper bar being spaced apart, two sets of transverse rods respectively connecting the upper bars with the end portions of the lower bar, the innermost rods of said sets being spaced apart, said rods forming shear members, and a truss arranged in the space between said shear members, said truss consisting of a bar substantially parallel to the lower bar and having its ends respectively connected to adjacent inner transverse rods of the sets of shear members, and diagonal braces connected to the bar of the truss and the said lower bar.

5. A reinforcement for concrete construction consisting of a plurality of longitudinal frames, each frame consisting of a longitudinal bar extending throughout the con-- struction, other longitudinal bars above the first mentioned bar, substantially parallel thereto and located at the end ortions thereof, sets of transverse rods, sald sets respectively extending from the end portions of the first mentioned bar to the other bars, the innermost transverse members of the two sets being spaced apart, a truss arranged in said space and comprising a longitudinal bar whose ends are respectively connected to a transverse rod of each of said sets, and a hinged element connecting an upper longitudinal bar of one frame to the corresponding bar of another frame.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand at the city, county and State of' New York this 15th day of June, 1909.

JULIAN O. ELLINGER. In presence of ISABEL R. RICHARDS, JOHN J. RANAGAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). 0. 

